12 ²Î­p-¶°¤¤ÁͶժº¶q«× (Statistics ¡V Measure of Central Tendency)

12.1         ¥­§¡¼Æ (Mean)

¥­§¡¼Æ¬O©Ò¦³¼Æ¾ÚªºÁ`©M°£¥H¼Æ¾ÚªºÁ`¼Æ¥Ø©Ò±oªº°Ó¡A§Y

¨ä¤¤  ¬O¥­¦a¼Æªº²Å¸¹¡Ax¢°¡Bx2¡Bx3µ¥¬O¼Æ¾Úªº­È(¦@¦³n­Ó)¡C

 

12.2         ¤¤¦ì¼Æ (Median)

¥ý§â¼Æ¾Ú«ö¤j¤p¶¶§Ç±Æ¦C¡A¤¤¦ì¼Æ´N¬O¡§¤¤¶¡¡¨¼Æ¾Ú¡C

l   ¦p¼Æ¾Úªº¼Æ¥Ø¢ö¬O©_¼Æ¡A«h²Ä(n+1)/2 ­Ó¼Æ¾Ú¬O¤¤¦ì¼Æ¡C
¨Ò¦p¦³7­Ó¼Æ¾Ú¡A²Ä4­Ó¬O¤¤¦ì¼Æ¡C

l   ¦p¼Æ¾Úªº¼Æ¥Ø¬OÂù¼Æ¡A«h²Än/2©M²Ä (n/2 + 1)­Ó³o¨â­Ó¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡¼Æ¬O¤¤¦ì¼Æ¡C
¨Ò¦p¦³8­Ó¼Æ¾Ú¡A²Ä4©M²Ä5­Ó¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡¼Æ¬O¤¤¦ì¼Æ¡C

 

12.3         ²³¼Æ (Mode)

²³¼Æ¬O«ü¤@²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¤¤¡A¥X²{¦¸¼Æ³Ì¦hªº¼Æ¾Ú¡C

 

12.4         ¨D¤j¶q¤£¤À²Õ¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡­È

l   ¹ï©ó¤À²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¡A¤@­Ó¼Æ¾Ú¥X²{ªº¦¸¼Æ´N¬O¡§ÀW¼Æ¡¨(Frequency)¡C

¨ä¤¤f¢°¡Bf2¡Bf3µ¥¬O¦U¼Æ¾ÚªºÀW¼Æ¡A¡§f¢°¡Ïf2¡Ïf3¡¨«h¬O¼Æ¾ÚªºÁ`¼Æ¶q¡C

 

l   ¤¤¦ì¼Æ¥i¥ÑÀW¼Æ¤À§Gªí¤¤¶¡¦ì¸mªºªº¼Æ¾Ú¨D±o¡C

 

l   ²³¼Æ¥i¥ÑÀW¼Æ¤À§Gªí¤¤ÀW¼Æ³Ì°ªªº¼Æ¾Ú¨D±o¡C

 

¤@¯ë­pºâ®É¡A°£«DÃD¥Ø«ü©ú¡A§_«h§Ú­Ì¥Îªº¤]¬O¡§¡¨¡C­È±o¯d·Nªº¬O¥u­n§Ú­Ì¶i¦æ¤j¶q¸ÕÅç¡]¨Ò¦pÂY¤@¸U¦¸»È¥J¡^¡A¡§¹êÅç·§²v¡¨À³»P¡§²z½×·§²v¡¨¬Û·í±µªñ¡C

 

12.5         ¨D¤j¶q¤À²Õ¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡­È

©Ò¿×¤À²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¡]Grouped Data¡^´N¬O§Ú­Ì¥uª¾¨C²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¾Úªº¼Æ¶q¦Ó¤£ª¾·í¤¤¦U¼Æ¾Úªº­È¡C

¨Ò¦p¡§¦~ÄÖ¥Ñ10¦Ü19·³ªº¨k¥Í¦³5­Ó¡¨´N¬O¤@²Õ¤À²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¡C

 

l   §Ú­Ì¥i§Q¥Î¨C²Õ¼Æ¾Úªº²Õ¤¤ÂI¡]Class Mark¡^¨Ó¥Nªí¾ã²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¡A±q¦Ó¨D¥X¥þ²Õ¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡¼Æ¡C

 

l   ®Ú¾ÚÀW¼Æ¤À§Gªíøµe²Ö¿nÀW¼Æ¦hÃä§Î¡A¤@¥bªº¼Æ¾Ú«K¬O¤¤¦ì¼Æ¡C

 

l   ÀW¼Æ¤À§Gªí¤¤ÀW¼Æ³Ì°ªªº²Õ§OºÙ¬°²³¼Æ²Õ¡]Modal Class¡^¡C

 

12.6         ¥[Åv¥­§¡¼Æ

Åv(©ÎÅv¼Æ)¬O¥Î¨Óªí¥Ü¤@²Õ¼Æ¾Ú¤¤¨C¤@¶µ¥Øªº¤ñ­«¡C¡C

 

 

¦P¾Ç³Ì±`±µÄ²ªº¥[Åv¥­§¡¼ÆÀ³¸Ó¬O¡§¦¨ÁZªíªº¥­§¡¤À¡¨¡C¦b­pºâ¥­§¡¤À®É¡A¦³¨Ç¾Ç®Õ·|§â¤¤¤å¦P­^¤åªº¤À¼Æ·|¡§­¼¢±¡¨¡]§Y¤¤¡B­^¤åªºÅv¬O2¡A¨ä¥L¬ìªºÅv¬O1¡^¡C

 

°²³]¦Ò¸Õ¥u¦Ò3¬ì¡C¤@¦ì¾Ç¥Íªº±o¤À¤À§O¬O¤¤¤å80¤À¡B­^¤å70¤À¡B¼Æ¾Ç60¤À¡F

 

12.7         ¨â²Õ¼Æ¾Úªº¤ñ¸û

l   ·íA²Õ¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡¼Æ¡B¤¤¦ì¼Æ¤Î²³¼Æ³£¸ûB²Õ¼Æ¾Ú°ª®É¡A
§Ú­Ì¥i¥Hª¾¹DA²Õªº¼Æ¾Ú¾ãÅé¤W¤ñB²Õ¤j¡C

l   ·í§Ú­Ì¥u´x´¤³¡¤À¸ê®Æ¡A©Î¤T­Ó¥­§¡­È¤£¤@­P¦a¸û°ª©Î¸û§C®É¡A
§Ú­Ì¥u¯à§@¥X¸û¦³¥i¯àªº§PÂ_¡C

 

¦b¤£¦Pªº±¡ªp¤U¡A¨Ï¥Î¦U¥­§¡­È§@¤ñ¸û¦³¥¦ªºÀuÂI¡G

l   ·í¼Æ¾Ú¤¤¨S¦³·¥ºÝ­È®É¡A¥­§¡¼Æ¥i¥H¤½¥­¦a¶q«×¶°¤¤ÁͶաC

l   ·í¼Æ¾Ú¤¤¦³·¥ºÝ­È®É¡A§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¥Î¤¤¦ì¼Æ¶q«×¶°¤¤ÁͶաA­ì¦]¬O¥¦¤£¨ü·¥ºÝ­È¼vÅT¡C

l   ·í­nþÓ­«©óÀW¼Æ³Ì°ªªº¼Æ¾Ú®É¡A§Ú­Ì·|¥Î²³¼Æ¡]²³¼Æ¥ç¤£¨ü·¥ºÝ­È¼vÅT¡^¡C